The water supply in Tenerife is essential for daily life and the development of the island. Due to its volcanic origin and porous soils, much of the rainfall infiltrates into the ground, where it is stored in natural aquifers. To make the most of this resource, systems such as wells, galleries, and, to a lesser extent, dams and reservoirs have been developed. Currently, more than 80% of the water consumed on the island comes from approximately 1,700 kilometers of galleries and 500 functioning wells.
The soil in Tenerife acts like a sponge, allowing water to filter down to the basal complex, an impermeable layer that stores large underground reserves. These water pockets, known as aquifers, are crucial for supplying the population and ensuring the island's water sustainability.
Since 1997, Tenerife has had an Island Hydrological Plan that monitors consumption and outlines strategies to increase water availability. Although agriculture remains the main consumer, supplying water to the population is also a priority. Some of the most innovative solutions include seawater desalination and the reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation. The island's first desalination plant began operations in 1998, marking a milestone in water management. Additionally, groundwater quality improvement stations remove harmful minerals, ensuring the water is suitable for human consumption.
Tenerife shows us how the combination of innovation, responsible management, and the use of natural resources can guarantee a reliable water supply in a unique and challenging environment.